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We don't know much about the real cause of leprosy. Most people believed that leprosy deformities were caused by the disease. Dr. Robert Cochrane, a senior colleague, challenged Dr. Paul Brand, an orthopedic surgeon, to investigate why leprosy sufferers have deformed hands and find a treatment. Dr. Dr. Brand used the experience gained during WWII with war-injured and polio-paralyzed hands. To test the strength and sensation of his damaged hands, he did extensive research. There were many hurdles to overcome, not least prejudice and resistance to performing surgery on leprosy patients and giving them hospital care. Dr. Dr. Brand's research in South India changed the perceptions of and treatment of people affected by leprosy.